Effect and mechanism of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block on postoperative early cognitive function after colorectal surgery / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block on cognitive function after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Methods Seventy-six patients, there is no restriction on gender, aged 50-75 years, falling into ASA physical statusⅡorⅢ, who provided informed consent for their participation in this study and underwent colorectal surgery under general anesthesia were divided into two groups (groups Q and C).Induction of anesthesia was induced by intravenous midazolam 0.03 mg/kg, sufentanil 0.5μg/kg, etomidate 0.3 mg/kg and rocuronium 1 mg/kg in the two groups.Remifentanil 0.2-0.3μg·kg-1·min-1 and propofol 0.10-0.15 mg·kg-1·min-1 were maintained intravenously during anesthesia.0.375％ropivacaine 20 ml was injected between the psoas quadratus muscle and psoas major muscle under ultrasound guidance before extubation in group Q, only equal volume saline was given in group C.Neuropsychological tests were performed preoperatively as well as postoperative day 7.The postoperative pain was evaluated by VAS after surgery.The postoperative sleep quality was measured using a BIS-vista monitor.The changes of serum IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-αand CGRP levels were detected by ELISA at immediately after operation (T0), 1 hour (T1), 2 days (T2), 4 days (T3) and 7 days (T4) after operation.Results Seventy-six patients finished cognitive function tests (38 cases in group Q and 38 cases in group C), 12 cases (31.6％) were diagnosed as POCD in group C, 4 cases (10.5％) in group Q.Compared with group C, the incidence of POCD, VAS scores at 24 and 48 hours after operation in group Q were significantly lower (P<0.05), the sleeping time at night was longer, the serum levels of IL-6, IL-1βand TNF-αwere significantly lower at T2 and T3, and the serum levels of CGRP were significantly higher at T2-T4 (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion QLB treatment repaired the surgery induced early cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting the postoperative pain, excessive inflammatory response and improving the quality of sleep.

Serum cytokines in erythema nodosum leprosum versus non-reactional leprosy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Erythema nodosum leprosum is an immune-mediated complication of leprosy whose underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated, making management difficult.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>OBJECTIVES:</strong> To determine the serum cytokine profile of ENL compared to non-reactional leprosy states.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>METHODS:</strong> An open literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, TRIP and HERDIN electronic databases using the keywords ("cytokines" or "inflammatory mediators") and ("erythema nodosum leprosum" or "ENL") and ("leprosy" or "lepra"). Studies were selected by two independent review authors. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Eight cross-sectional studies with 197 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed that both serum IL-17 and serum IFN-? were significantly decreased (Z 2.39, p = 0.02 and Z 2.74, p = 0.01, respectively) in ENL compared to non-reactional states. However, for IL-1?, IL-6, IL-10, IL-22, TNF-? and TGF-?, no significant differences were found between the two groups.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> ENL appears to be an exacerbation of the Th2 cytokine response seen in the lepromatous pole of leprosy. However, despite pooling of data, sample sizes remain small resulting in significant heterogeneity. Future studies involving large sample sizes and investigating a wider range of cytokines are encouraged.</p>

Interleukin-12 as a biomarker of the beneficial effects of food restriction in mice receiving high fat diet or high carbohydrate diet

The impact of food restriction (FR) during 56 days on serum levels of cytokines in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) were evaluated. The amount of food was reduced 50% for HFD-FR and HCD-FR groups compared to mice receiving free access to HFD (HFD group) or HCD (HCD group). We quantified the serum levels of basic fibroblast growth factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, inducible protein 10, interferon γ, interleukin 1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, keratinocyte chemoattractant, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, monokine induced by IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor α. Only IL-12 levels were lower (P<0.05), for both HFD-FR (HFD-FR vs HFD) and HCD-FR (HCD-FR vs HCD). Therefore, IL-12 levels could be considered a biological marker of the beneficial effects of FR.

Changes of Serum PCT, PA, TF, AMY Levels and Prognosis in ICU Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis by Nutritional Support of Early Enteral Nutrition Suspension Combined with Somatostatin / 医学研究杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition suspension nutritional support combined with somatostatin on serum procalcitonin (PCT), prealbumin (PA), transferrin (TF) and amylase (AMY) in ICU patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Methods From July 2014-November 2016, 66 cases of ICU severe pancreatitis in Beijing Tongren Hospital were divided into control group and treatment group according to treatment plan, 33 cases each group. The control group was given early parenteral nutrition support + somatostatin treatment, The treatment group was given early enteral nutrition suspension nutrition support + somatostatin treatment. Complications of the tw groups were compared, prognostic score (APACHEII, SOFA and modified Marshall scores), serum PCT, PA, TF, AMY levels and serum-related inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF-α) ]before and after treatment were compared. Results There was no significant difference in APACHEII, SOFA and modified Marshall scores between the two groups before treatment (P ＞ 0. 05). Compared with the control group after treatment, the APACHEII, SOFA and modified Marshall scores of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). There was no significant difference in serum PCT, PA, TF and AMY between the two groups before treatment (P ＞ 0. 05). Compared with the control group after treatment, the levels of serum PCT and AMY in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, and the levels of serum PA and TF were higher (P ＜ 0. 05). There was no significant difference in serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 levels between the two groups before treatment (P ＞ 0. 05). Compared with the control group after treatment, the levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, and the serum IL-10 level was higher (P ＜ 0. 05). The incidence of complications in the treatment group was 15. 15％ (5 /33) lower than that in the control group (42. 42％, 14 /33), the difference was statisti- cally significant (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Early stage enteral nutrition suspension nutrition support combined with somatostatin in the treatment of ICU severe pancreatitis patients can effectively improve serum levels of PA, TF and IL-10, reduce PCT, AMY, TNF-α, IL-6 levels, improve the prognosis, and its security is high.

Effects of Danhongtongjing formula combined with levofloxacin on serum cytokines in patients with chronic prostatitis / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Danhongtongjing formula combined with levofloxacin on serum cytokines in patients with chronic prostatitis. Methods 74 cases of patients with chronic prostatitis from May 2014 to April 2016 in our hospital were selected,and randomly divided into two groups,37 cases in each groups.The control group treated with levofloxacin,the observation group were treated with Danhongtongjing formula The observation group on the based of control group.The clinical symptoms,TCM syndrome and the changes of SIgA,VCAM-1 and serum VCAM-1 in prostatic fluid of two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate was 94.59% in the observation group and 78.38%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).After treatment,the NIH-CPSI index of the two groups was significantly decreased,and the observation group was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the TCM syndrome score of both groups decreased,and the observation group was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The total effective rate of TCM Syndrome in observation group was 91.89%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group 72.97%,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of SIgA,VCAM-1 and serum VCAM-1 in prostatic fluid were decreased,and the observation group was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Danhongtongjing formula combined with levofloxacin in the treatment of chronic prostatitis patients with significant effect,can effectively regulate serum cytokines, control inflammation, improve the treatment efficiency.

Effect of tetramethylpyrazine injection on serum cytokines and cardiac function in patients with sepsis myocardial damage / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To explore the effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on serum cytokines and cardiac function in patients with sepsis myocardial injury.Methods Fifty patients with sepsis myocardial injury were admitted in Hangzhou First People's Hospital from June 2015 to September 2016,and according to the computer generated random number,they were divided into conventional treatment group and TMP treatment group,25 cases in each group.The patients in the conventional treatment group were treated with antimicrobial agents,vasoactive drugs,fluid resuscitation and organ function support,etc.;TMP treatment group was treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) TMP on the basis of routine treatment.TMP 120 mg was added to 250 mL normal saline (NS) for intravenous drip once a day for a therapeutic course of 10 days.Plasma N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptidec (NT-proBNP) and serum tmnor necrosis factor-oα (TNF-α) levels were measured before treatment and on 1,5 and 10 days after treatment.Left ventricular internal systolic dimension (LVIDs),fractional shortening (FS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured by cardiac ultrasound,3 cardiac cycles were measured and the average results were taken.The intensive care unit (ICU) hospital stay and mortality were calculated in the two groups.Results The levels of NT-proBNP and TNF-α in the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment,the differences in the levels were statistically significant between those before treatment and 5 days after treatment in the conventional treatment group [NT-proBNP (ng/L):334.25 ± 36.46 vs.577.72 ± 60.34,TNF-α (ng/L):388.48 ± 43.38 vs.507.74-± 31.63,both P ＜ 0.05],and in TMP treatment group,the levels from 1 day after treatment compared with those before treatment,there were statistical significant differences [NT-proBNP (ng/L):387.44 ± 36.39 vs.571.67-± 56.34,TNF-α(ng/L):403.79 ± 23.20 vs.505.82 ± 31.31,both P ＜ 0.05];the degrees of decrease in TMP treatment group were more obvious than those in conventional treatment group (all P ＜ 0.01).After treatment in the two groups,the LVIDs was decreased gradually,FS and LVEF were increased gradually,reaching the lowest or highest level on 10 days after treatment,and the changes of TMP treatment group were more significant than those in the conventional treatment group,LVIDs and LVEF of the two groups showed statistically significant differences on 5 days after treatment [LVIDs (mm):43.23 ± 5.57vs.48.21 ± 2.29,LVEF:0.47 ± 0.02 vs.0.41 ± 0.02,both P ＜ 0.05],FS on 1 day after treatment showed a statistically significant difference [FS:(23.92 ± 1.81)％ vs.(22.84 ± 1.79)％,P ＜ 0.05].The ICU stay in the TMP group was shorter than that in the conventional treatment group (days:13.16 ± 2.67 vs.16.48-± 3.08,P ＜ 0.05),and the mortality was lower than that of conventional treatment group [20％ (5/25) vs.36％ (9/25)],the difference being not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions In septic myocardial injury,TNF-α plays an important role;after TMP treatment in patients with myocardial injury caused by viral myocarditis,the serum TNF-α level is decreased showing it has antagonizing TNF-α activity,thus it has protective effect on sepsis myocarditis,improves heart function and the disease prognosis.

Serum Levels of Interleukin-2 and Interleukin-2 Soluble Receptor in Patients with Vitiligo.

Background: Vitiligo is a common skin disorder characterized by macular depigmentation of the skin. Although the etiopathogenesis of the disease is still unclear, several studies have shown that within the cascade of pathogenesis of vitiligo, cytokines play an important role. Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate serum concentrations of interleukin- IL-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-2 soluble receptor (IL-2 sR) in patients with vitiligo and healthy subjects and also to asses a possible association between these cytokines and duration of the disease. Study Design: Case control study. Place of the Study: The study was carried out in University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Department of Dermatology and Venereology. Patients and Methods: Twenty one patients (11 female and 10 male; age range 15-53 years) with vitiligo and 20 healthy controls (10 female and 10 male; age range 17-52) were enrolled in the study. c The duration of vitiligo ranged from 2 to 252 months. Ten patients (47.62%) had generalized, and eleven patients (52.38%) had localized vitiligo Serum concentrations of cytokines were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay techniques. Results: Both IL-2 (median 22.600 pg/ml, range 20.900-76.100) and IL-2sR (median 76.100 pg/ml, range 15.700-183.800) in the patient group were significantly higher when compared with that of the normal controls. When the serum cytokine level in vitiligo group were compared to total disease duration (Spearman correlation ρ), serum IL-2 was negatively (ρ= -0.000573, P= 0.9980) and IL-2 sR was positively (ρ=0.241, P= 0.2797) correlated with total disease duration, but it is of borderline significance. Conclusions: Our results showed hight serum levels of IL-2 and IL2 sR among vitiligo patients which may highligth a functional role of these cytokines in the pathogenesis of this disease.

Effect of sertraline on serum cytokines and C-reactive protein in depressive patients / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the association between serum cytokines and depression and understand the effect of sertraline on serum leveI of interleukin 2(IL-2),interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and C-reactive protein(CRP).Methods A total of 50 depressive patients(study group) and 25 healthy controls(control group)were included in this study.The levels of serum IL-2,IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by enzymatic-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)on baseline and after treatment,CRP were measured by scatter rate nephelometry.Depressive patients were assessed by Hamilton depression sere(HAMD)on baseline and after treatment.Results The levels of IL-2(41.4±15.7)pg/ml,IL-6(63.4±17.2)pg/ml,TNF-α(81.4±19.3)pg/ml and CRP(8.2±2.9)mg/L in study group were significantly higher than those in control group(13.2±4.6)pg/ml,(21.3±7.7)ps/ml,(35.1±7.8)ps/ml,(2.9±0.5)mg/L,(P<0.01).Compared with baseline,the levels of serum IL-2(20.1±9.1)ps/ml,IL-6(38.5±11.6)pg/ml,TNF-a(49.5±12.6)pg/ml and CRP(4.2±1.6)mg/L after treatment by sertraline decreased significantly(P<0.01).In study group,there were significant positive correlations between the serum level of IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α and present age,the total score of HAMD(P<0.05,P<0.01).There were significant positive correlations between variation rates of serum IL-2,IL-6,TNF-αand reduction rate of HAMD(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The serum levels of IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α and CRP increased in patients with depression.Sertraline may affect depressive patients'serum levels of IL-2,IL-6,TNF-αand CRP.

Intervenient Action of Jianxin Decoction on Serum Cytokines in the Patient of Congestive Heart Failure / 中医杂志

Objective: To investigate intervenient actions of Jianxin Decoction on serum level of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide (NO) in the patient of congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods: 66 cases of CHF were randomized to trial group and control group. 33 cases in each. Control group received routine treatment and the trial group was treated by routine treatment plus Jianxin Decoction for 4 weeks. TNF-a. IL-6 and NO level and cardiac function before and after treatment were investigated. Results: After treatment, serum TNF-a. IL-6 and NO level in both groups were significantly decreased with the trial group decreased more significantly (P